Everything You Must Know About Raspberry Pi Board

INTRODUCTION OF RASPBERRY PI

Raspberry Pi is a tiny size go-to microcomputer suitable for people of all age groups. This small pocket-sized computer has the ability to introduce you to the wonderful world of electronics and programming. 

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This is capable of doing all sorts of work which your computer does for you in a completely compact size and is a really powerful single-board microcomputer. The latest version is the most advanced version of Raspberry Pi which is the Raspberry Pi 4 B 1.5 GHz quad-core processor, 1 GB, 2GB or 4 GB of RAM, WiFi, Bluetooth 5.0 and many more. It was released on 24th June of 2019 and the first model of Raspberry Pi was launched on the 24th February of 2012.


Raspberry Pi was made by the Raspberry Pi Foundation, a UK charity which aims to educate people in computers and develop easier access to computing education. You can get this amazing microcomputer at a very reasonable price also, the Raspberry Pi foundation makes sure that the Pi is affordable so that more and more people can purchase it. Till now every Raspberry Pi model comes under the price of 35 dollars and the Pi Zero costs just 5 dollars.


According to the Raspberry Pi Foundation, the sale of Pis was more than 5 million by February 2015 and also won the best-selling British Computer. In the year of 2016 till November the sale reached 11 million units, and 12.5m by March 2017, making it the third best-selling “general-purpose computer”. In July 2017, they sold 15 million more units and in March 2018, sales reached 19 million.


RASPBERRY PI 4 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION


Raspberry Pi 4 Processor: Broadcom BCM2711, Quad-core Cortex-A72 (ARM v8) 64-bit SoC @ 1.5GHz

Raspberry Pi 4 Graphics: OpenGL ES 3.0 graphics with H.265 (4kp60 decode), H264 (1080p60 decode, 1080p30 encode) video codecs

Raspberry Pi 4 SDRAM: 1GB, 2GB or 4GB LPDDR4-2400 SDRAM (depending on model)

Raspberry Pi 4LAN / WLAN: Integrated 2.4 GHz and 5.0 GHz IEEE 802.11ac wireless, Power over Ethernet (PoE) enabled (requires separate PoE HAT)

Raspberry Pi 4 Bluetooth: Bluetooth 5.0, BLE

Raspberry Pi 4 Connectors:

1. Micro-SD card slot for loading operating system and data storage.
2. Gigabit Ethernet.                                                                                                     
3. 2x USB 3.0 ports.
4. 2x USB 2.0 ports.
5. 2 micro-HDMI ports (up to 4kp60 supported), 2-lane MIPI DSI display port, 2-lane MIPI CSI camera port.                                                                                                               
Raspberry Pi 4 Ports: Raspberry Pi standard 40 pin GPIO header (fully backwards compatible with previous boards)  

Raspberry Pi 4 Audio: 4-pole stereo audio and composite video port.

WHAT YOU CAN DO WITH RASPBERRY PI?

  1. Raspberry Pi DIY Robots

  2. Smart Home Hubs 

  3. Media centres.

  4. Retro gaming stations.

  5. Networked AI cores

  6. Factory controllers

  7. School and college projects

  8. Arcade Machine

  9. Home Automation

  10. Tablet Computer

  11. Raspberry Pi Home Automation

LIST OF RASPBERRY PI BASED PROJECTS

  4. Programmable Sequential Switching by Using Raspberry pi
  5. Raspberry Pi Based Solar Street Light
  6. Synced Music and Christmas Lights
  7. Raspberry pi Powered Wearable Computer
  8. Home Automation Using Raspberry pi
  9. Touch Screen Tablet
  10. Raspberry Pi Based Industrial Automation Using Zigbee Communication
  11. Lego Raspberry Pi Enclosure
  12. Raspberry pi as an FM Transmitter

10 OPERATING SYSTEM YOU CAN RUN ON RASPBERRY PI

  2. OSMC
  3. OpenELEC
  4. RISC OS
  5. Windows IoT Core
  6. Lakka
  7. RaspBSD
  8. RetroPie
  9. Ubuntu Core
  10. Linutop

RASPBERRY PI SENSORS, MODULES AND COMPONENTS

  1. Temperature/ Pressure/ Air Pressure for Raspberry Pi - DHT 11/DHT22, DS18B20, BMP180 Barometer, Moisture Sensor, Capacitive ground moisture sensor, MQ-2 Gas Sensor.
  2. Infrared Motion Sensor for Raspberry Pi - PIR Sensor, HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor, Reed Relay, GP2Y0A02YK, RFID-RC522-Inductive RFID card reader.
  3. Navigation Modules for Raspberry Pi - GPS NEO- 6M Module, USB GPS Receiver, MPU-6050 Gyroscope, HMC5883L/GY-271 Compass, DS10307 RTC.
  4. Wireless/ Infrared (IR)/ Bluetooth for Raspberry Pi - 433 MHz, 2.4 GHz NRF24L01+ Module, Radio controlled outlets, Bluetooth adaptor, GSM Surfstick, Infrared diodes, Laser Module.
  5. Motors for Raspberry Pi - Servo Motor, 28BYJ-48 Stepper Motor, PCA9685 Servo Board, L293D, A4988.
  6. Analog Sensors for Raspberry Pi - MCP3008 Analog-to-digital converter, joystick, potentiometer, raindrop sensor, pulse sensor.
  7. Power/ Current Supply for Raspberry Pi - Relay, LM2596 Buck Converter, TTL I2C Logic Level Converter.
  8. Displays for Raspberry Pi - Official 7’’ Touchscreen, 3.2” TOuchscreen, HD44780 Displays, 7 Segment Display.
  9. Other Module, Components and Raspberry Pi Sensors - MAX7219 LED Matrix, Optical Fingerprint Sensor, Arduino, ESP866 Node MCU, Keypad, Official Raspberry Pi Camera Module, Photoresistor, RGB LED Stripe.

ALL RASPBERRY PI MODELS WITH PRICES

Product

Price

Raspberry Pi Model A+

$20

Raspberry Pi Model B+

$25

Raspberry Pi 2 Model B

$35

Raspberry Pi 3 Model B

$35

Raspberry Pi 3 Model A+

$25

Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+

$35

Raspberry Pi 4 Model B 1GB

$35

Raspberry Pi 4 Model B 4GB

$45

Raspberry Pi 4 Model B 8GB

$55

Raspberry Pi Zero

$5

Raspberry Pi Zero W

$10

Raspberry Pi Zero WH

$15

  

 RASPBERRY PI OVERCLOCKING 

 The Raspberry Pi 4 runs at 1.5GHz with no overclocking options. Raspberry Pi 3 Model B operates at 1.2 GHz and has no standard overclocking settings. The Raspberry Pi 2 Model B runs on 900MHz and run smoothly at 1000MHz and the Raspberry Pi 1 Model A, A+, B, and B+ runs at 700MHz.

 RASPBERRY PI POWER SUPPLY

Raspberry Pi Power Supply

RASPBERRY PI STORAGE AND SD CARD

All the Raspberry Pi Models the Raspberry Pi 1 Model A+, Model 1 B+, 2B, 3B, 3B+, 3A+, 4B, Zero, Zero W and Zero needs microSD cards for the OS and the Pi memory, the minimum size required for microSD is 8GB and the maximum can be used is 128GB. If extra space is required you can also use a USB stick or USB hard drive.

RASPBERRY PI BOOT UP VIA USB-ATTACHED DRIVE 

In Raspberry Pi 2B v1.2, 3B, 3B+ and 3A+ USB boot is supported and booting a USB attached drive like SSD or hard drive can make the boot-up and work faster.

RASPBERRY PI CAMERA MODULE

For capturing images and video recording we can connect a camera module to the CSI camera port on the Raspberry Pi with a ribbon cable.  The Camera Module V2 is capable of taking photos of up to 8 megapixels (8MP) and it supports 1080p30, 720p60 and VGA90 video modes. The Module requires 250mA to work.

PROS OF RASPBERRY PI

  1.  The GPIO( general purpose input-output) pins make the  Raspberry Pi different from our computers. You can interface sensors and different electronic components through these pins also you program these components using Python and make amazing projects.
  2.  The cost of Raspberry Pi is very less than your traditional computer which makes a big difference. Newer models now comes with Wifi and Bluetooth Module also which helps in IoT projects.
  3.  The Raspberry Pi is OpenSource and you do not have to pay anything for its Operating System. You can use it for learning embedded-linux, Python, gaming, watching movie or use as regular computer.

CONS OF RASPBERRY PI

  1.  Raspberry Pi does not have ADC (analogue to digital converter) so you have to add an ADC chip for better results.
  2. There are no fuse protections in Raspberry Pi, wrong pin connects can permanently damage your Pi.
  3. The processing speed of Pi is very less as compared to our traditional Computers.  

You can buy Raspberry Pi and its cases, HATs, Shields, Accessories, Kits, etc. from